Diabetes also triggers other diseases. Since it affects the vascular system, kidney failure, vision loss, and nerve ending damage come first.

People with diabetes have a high risk of stroke. They also have a high risk of heart attack.

Along with obesity, metabolic diseases such as Type 2 Diabetes are also increasing. These types of diseases are conditions that negatively affect a person's entire life and cause trouble in social life.

Approximately 10 percent of the world's population is struggling with obesity and 8 percent with diabetes. Similar problems exist in Turkey. According to data from the Turkish Statistical Institute, 17 percent of the population is overweight and 10 percent is obese.

After it was realized that people who underwent obesity surgery also lost their diabetes and did not need medication, scientific studies revealed that some hormones and mediators secreted from the small intestines caused this condition. Metabolic surgery also came to the agenda all over the world after this stage.

In fact, metabolic surgery and obesity surgery are used to refer to the same surgeries, but it is generally accepted that surgeries performed on people with a body mass index over 35 are called obesity surgery, and surgeries performed on people with a body mass index under 35 who also have diabetes are called metabolic surgery.

Various theories explain why, after bariatric surgeries, especially diversionary surgeries such as Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass, Mini Gastric Bypass, Jejunoileal Bypass and Biliopancreatic Diversion, blood sugar levels come under control the day after surgery, before weight loss even begins.

One of these theories is explained by the increased secretion of Glucagon Like Peptide (Glucagon-like protein), called GLP-1, which is secreted from L cells in the lower parts of the small intestine called the ileum.

This hormone, after being secreted from the small intestines, stimulates the secretion of insulin hormone in the pancreatic beta cells. Thus, the patient's need for external insulin decreases.

In addition to stimulating insulin secretion, GLP-1 also reduces insulin resistance in peripheral tissues such as fat and muscle, facilitating the blood sugar-lowering effect of insulin.